| This is a file in the archives of the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. |
1. Though if each individual interacts with only one or a few other individuals throughout its lifetime, reciprocal altruism may evolve without the ability for individual recognition. See Axelrod and Hamilton (1981) and Maynard Smith (1982) for discussion of this point.
| Samir Okasha samir.okasha@bristol.ac.uk |