The Argument: Death and Posthumous Events Don't Affect Us

Here is a more explicit version of 1-13 (with thanks to Curtis Brown):

Let s,s′, … range over subjects; v,v′, … over events and states; and t,t′, … over times. We can use the following abbreviations:

SD(v,s,t):	v is the state of s being dead at t
harm2(v,s):	v harms s
harm3(v,s,t):	v harms s at t
t > t’:	t is after t’
t ≥ t’:	t is after t’ or t = t’

We can use the following function symbols:

For any subject s, ED(s) is the event of s’s death

For any event or state v, T(v) is the time v occurs or holds

Next come axioms:

A1:	∀v∀s(harm2(v,s) iff ∃tharm3(v,s,t))
A2:	∀v∀s(v is posthumous for s iff T(v) > T(ED(s)))
A3:	∀v∀s∀t(If SD(v,s), then t > T(ED(s)))

Then premises:

P1:	∀v∀s∀t(If v affects s at t, then v causally affects s at t)
P2:	∀v∀s∀t(If v causally affects s at t, then s exists at t)
P3:	∀v∀s∀t(If harm3(v,s,t), then v affects s at t)
P4:	∀v∀s∀t(If v causally affects s at t, then t ≥ T(v))
P5:	∀v∀s(If t > T(ED(s)), then it is not the case that s exists at t)

Here are the conclusions to be reached:

C1:	No posthumous event harms us; i.e., ∀v∀s(If v is posthumous for s, then ~harm2(v,s))
C2:	We are not harmed by the state of our being dead; i.e., ∀v∀s∀t(If SD(v,s,t), then ~harm2(v,s))
C3:	The event of death harms us, if at all, only when it occurs; i.e., ∀v∀s∀t(If v=ED(s) & harm3(v,s,t), then t = T(ED(s)))

Argument for C1:

Let v₁ be any event or state, s₁ any subject and t₁ any time.

Argument for C2:

Let v₁ be any event or state, s₁ any subject and t₁ any time.

Argument for C3:

Let v₁ be any event or state, s₁any subject and t₁ any time.